# AC-05 Separation of Duties

NIST SP 800-53 control. Family: AC Access Control. Function: preventative. Baselines: moderate, high. Mapping licence: CC BY-SA 4.0.

Statement: a. Identify and document [Assignment: organization-defined duties of individuals requiring separation]; and b. Define system access authorizations to support separation of duties.
Guidance: Separation of duties addresses the potential for abuse of authorized privileges and helps to reduce the risk of malevolent activity without collusion. Separation of duties includes dividing mission or business functions and support functions among different individuals or roles, conducting system support functions with different individuals, and ensuring that security personnel who administer access control functions do not also administer audit functions. Because separation of duty violations can span systems and application domains, organizations consider the entirety of systems and system components when developing policy on separation of duties. Separation of duties is enforced through the account management activities in AC-2, access control mechanisms in AC-3, and identity management activities in IA-2, IA-4, and IA-12.

## Patterns that use it (15)
- Critical (4): SP-004 SOA Publication and Location Pattern; SP-028 Secure DevOps Pipeline Pattern; SP-047 Secure Agentic AI Frameworks; SP-054 CBDC and Digital Currency Infrastructure (draft)
- Important (10): SP-002 Server Module; SP-013 Data Security Pattern; SP-029 Zero Trust Architecture; SP-034 Cyber Resilience; SP-037 Privileged User Management; SP-044 SaaS Identity Lifecycle Management; SP-045 AI Governance and Responsible AI; SP-049 AI in Security Operations (draft); SP-051 Tokenised Asset Security Architecture (draft); SP-053 Zero-Knowledge Proof Architecture (draft)
- Standard (1): SP-001 Client Module

## Clauses by framework (74 frameworks)
- iso_27001_2022: A.5.3
- iso_27002_2022: 5.3, 8.2
- cobit_2019: DSS05, DSS06
- pci_dss_v4: 7.2
- nist_csf_2: PR.AA-05
- cis_controls_v8: CIS 5
- soc2_tsc: CC5.1, CC6.6, CC6.6-POF2
- iso_42001_2023: A.3.2
- iec_62443: 3-3 SR 1.3
- nis2: Art. 21(2)(i)
- mas_trm: 9
- bsi_grundschutz: OPS.1.1.2, ORP.1, ORP.4
- anssi: Hygiene.15, Hygiene.17, SecNumCloud.10.4
- osfi_b13: B-13.1.1, B-13.3.2
- finma_circular: IV.B.d(59), IV.B.d(60)
- gdpr: Art.5(1)(f), Art.24(1), Art.32(1)(b)
- dora: Art.9(4)(c), Art.9(4)(d)
- bio2: 5.3, 8.2
- rbi_csf: Annex1.8, ITGRCA.19
- fisc: FISC.T2
- lgpd_bcb: BCB.Art.3, LGPD.Art.46
- hkma_tme1: TME1.8.1, TME1.8.2
- mlps_2: 8.1.4.2, 8.1.10.4
- dnb_good_practice: DNB.7.1, DNB.17.2
- swift_cscf: SWIFT.1.2, SWIFT.5.1
- cbb_tm: TM-6
- cbuae: CR-4
- nca_ecc: 2-2
- qatar_nia: AC
- sama_csf: 1.5, 3.1
- uae_ia: T9
- bog_cisd: CISD-VIII
- bom_ctrm: 3.3
- cbe_csf: CD-1, CTO-1
- cbn_csf: Part3.2, Part9
- popia: s19
- sa_js2: JS2-7.1
- bcbs_239: Principle 1
- bot_cyber: Ch2.2
- cpmi_pfmi: CG.PR
- eba_ict: 3.4.2
- ecb_croe: CROE.2.3.1
- ffiec_is: II.C.7, II.C.7(b), II.C.7(c)
- hipaa_sr: §164.308(a)(3)(i), §164.308(a)(3)(ii)(A), §164.308(a)(4)(ii)(C)
- iosco_cyber: PROT-1
- nydfs_500: 500.7
- sebi_cscrf: PR.AA
- cmmc_2: AC
- nrc_73_54: RG5.71-A-AC
- tsa_psd: SD-2 Sec B
- ieee_1686: 5.1
- doe_c2m2: ACCESS
- api_1164: Sec 6
- iaea_nss: Sec 5.3
- fips_140: FIPS 140-3 §7.4
- pci_hsm: 1, 5, 6
- common_criteria: CC Part 2 — FDP, CC Part 2 — FMT
- isae_3402: Clause 4
- fca_sysc_13: SYSC 13.6.2, SYSC 13.7.3
- fda_21_cfr_11: §11.10(d), §11.10(g)
- hitrust_csf: 01.a
- iso_27799: 9.3
- lloyds_ms: MS2.1, MS5.1, MS8.3
- naic_ds: 4-access, 4B
- nhs_dspt: NDG-4.1, NDG-4.4
- pra_ss1_23: P2.2, P2.4, P4.1, P-IT.1
- solvency_ii: EIOPA-ICT-4.4
- csa_ccm_v4: IAM-04, IAM-09
- csa_aicm: IAM-04, IAM-09, IAM-19
- ccss_v9: 1.02.2, 1.04.3, 1.05.3
- mica: Art.36(1), Art.63(2), Art.65(1), Art.86(1), Art.92(1)
- basel_sco60: SCO60.55, SCO60.60, SCO60.61, SCO60.62, SCO60.63, SCO60.66
- bssc: GSP-11, KMS-04, KMS-06
- sec_custody_digital: SEC-CD-02, SEC-CD-03, SEC-CD-04, SEC-CD-05, SEC-CD-16, SEC-CD-19
OSA's mapping for iso_27001_2022 and nist_csf_2 takes NIST's published crosswalk as its base. A clause not marked as OSA's own is in that crosswalk.

## More
- This control as JSON, with guidance and ATT&CK techniques: /api/v1/controls/AC-05
- Clauses only: /api/v1/controls/AC-05?fields=mappings
- Page for people: /controls/ac-05/